vb教程之VB调用API函数建立控制台窗口

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vb教程之VB调用API函数建立控制台窗口

随着软件的界面设计的发展，人机交互的方式同过去也有了很大的不同，图形用户
界面，鼠标操作甚至语音等早已经率见不先了。但是在有一些程序中，还是要使用到
象过去那种老式的主机——终端那样的字符型控制台窗口式样的界面。而实际上，在
Windows中也保留了这样的一系列控制台函数，下面的范例演示了如何建立控制台窗口以及让用户在其中输入字符同计算机进行交互对话。
    首先在选VB菜单中的 Project | Module 项向工程文件中加入一个模块，然后在
这个Module中加入以下代码：

Option Explicit

Private Declare Function AllocConsole Lib "kernel32" () As Long

Private Declare Function FreeConsole Lib "kernel32" () As Long

Private Declare Function GetStdHandle Lib "kernel32" _
(ByVal nStdHandle As Long) As Long

Private Declare Function ReadConsole Lib "kernel32" Alias _
"ReadConsoleA" (ByVal hConsoleInput As Long, _
ByVal lpBuffer As String, ByVal nNumberOfCharsToRead As Long, _
lpNumberOfCharsRead As Long, lpReserved As Any) As Long

Private Declare Function SetConsoleMode Lib "kernel32" (ByVal _
hConsoleOutput As Long, dwMode As Long) As Long

Private Declare Function SetConsoleTextAttribute Lib _
"kernel32" (ByVal hConsoleOutput As Long, ByVal _
wAttributes As Long) As Long

Private Declare Function SetConsoleTitle Lib "kernel32" Alias _
"SetConsoleTitleA" (ByVal lpConsoleTitle As String) As Long

Private Declare Function WriteConsole Lib "kernel32" Alias _
"WriteConsoleA" (ByVal hConsoleOutput As Long, _
ByVal lpBuffer As Any, ByVal nNumberOfCharsToWrite As Long, _
lpNumberOfCharsWritten As Long, lpReserved As Any) As Long

Private Const STD_INPUT_HANDLE = -10&
Private Const STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE = -11&
Private Const STD_ERROR_HANDLE = -12&

Private Const FOREGROUND_BLUE = &H1
Private Const FOREGROUND_GREEN = &H2
Private Const FOREGROUND_RED = &H4
Private Const FOREGROUND_INTENSITY = &H8
Private Const BACKGROUND_BLUE = &H10
Private Const BACKGROUND_GREEN = &H20
Private Const BACKGROUND_RED = &H40
Private Const BACKGROUND_INTENSITY = &H80

'For SetConsoleMode (input)
Private Const ENABLE_LINE_INPUT = &H2
Private Const ENABLE_ECHO_INPUT = &H4
Private Const ENABLE_MOUSE_INPUT = &H10
Private Const ENABLE_PROCESSED_INPUT = &H1
Private Const ENABLE_WINDOW_INPUT = &H8
'For SetConsoleMode (output)
Private Const ENABLE_PROCESSED_OUTPUT = &H1
Private Const ENABLE_WRAP_AT_EOL_OUTPUT = &H2

'''''G L O B A L S'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
Private hConsoleIn As Long ' The console's input handle
Private hConsoleOut As Long ' The console's output handle
Private hConsoleErr As Long ' The console's error handle

'''''M A I N'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
Private Sub Main()
    Dim szUserInput As String

    AllocConsole    '建立一个控制台窗口
    SetConsoleTitle "VB Console Example" '设置窗口标题

    '获得控制窗口的句柄
    hConsoleIn = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE)
    hConsoleOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
    hConsoleErr = GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE)

    SetConsoleTextAttribute hConsoleOut, _
    FOREGROUND_RED Or FOREGROUND_GREEN _
    Or FOREGROUND_BLUE Or FOREGROUND_INTENSITY _
    Or BACKGROUND_BLUE

    ConsolePrint "VB Console Example" & vbCrLf

    SetConsoleTextAttribute hConsoleOut, _
    FOREGROUND_RED Or FOREGROUND_GREEN _
    Or FOREGROUND_BLUE

    ConsolePrint "Please Enter Your Name Here--> "

    '获得用户名
    szUserInput = ConsoleRead()
    If Not szUserInput = vbNullString Then
        ConsolePrint "Hello, " & szUserInput & "!" & vbCrLf
    Else
        ConsolePrint "Hello,But who are you?" & vbCrLf
    End If

    ConsolePrint "Press Enter To Close The Console"
    Call ConsoleRead

    FreeConsole ' Destroy the console
End Sub

Private Sub ConsolePrint(szOut As String)
    WriteConsole hConsoleOut, szOut, Len(szOut), vbNull, vbNull
End Sub

Private Function ConsoleRead() As String
    Dim sUserInput As String * 256

    Call ReadConsole(hConsoleIn, sUserInput, Len(sUserInput), vbNull, vbNull)
    'Trim off the NULL charactors and the CRLF.
    ConsoleRead = Left$(sUserInput, InStr(sUserInput, Chr$(0)) - 3)
End Function
    选VB菜单中的 Project | Project1 Properties项，将Startup Object改变为Sub Main，然后
运行程序，程序就会弹出一个控制台窗口，用户可以根据控制台窗口中的提示信息与程序进行交互
对话。
    上面的程序在Win98、VB6下运行通过。

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