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C#教程之C# 连蒙带骗不知所以然的搞定USB下位机读
公司用了一台发卡机，usb接口，半双工，给了个dll，不支持线程操作，使得UI线程老卡。
懊恼了，想自己直接通过usb读写，各种百度，然后是无数的坑，最终搞定。
现将各种坑和我自己的某些猜想记录一下，也供各位参考。
一、常量定义
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private const short INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1;private const uint GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000;private const uint GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000;private const uint FILE_SHARE_READ = 0x00000001;private const uint FILE_SHARE_WRITE = 0x00000002;private const uint CREATE_NEW = 1;private const uint CREATE_ALWAYS = 2;private const uint OPEN_EXISTING = 3;private const uint FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED = 0x40000000;private const uint FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL = 0x00000080; |
主要用于CreateFile时用。
二、结构、枚举、类定义
private struct HID_ATTRIBUTES
{
public int Size;
public ushort VendorID;
public ushort ProductID;
public ushort VersionNumber;
}
private struct SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA
{
public int cbSize;
public Guid interfaceClassGuid;
public int flags;
public int reserved;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private class SP_DEVINFO_DATA
{
public int cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf<SP_DEVINFO_DATA>();
public Guid classGuid = Guid.Empty;
public int devInst = 0;
public int reserved = 0;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 2)]
private struct SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA
{
internal int cbSize;
internal short devicePath;
}
private enum DIGCF
{
DIGCF_DEFAULT = 0x1,
DIGCF_PRESENT = 0x2,
DIGCF_ALLCLASSES = 0x4,
DIGCF_PROFILE = 0x8,
DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE = 0x10
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct HIDP_CAPS
{
/// <summary>
/// Specifies a top-level collection's usage ID.
/// </summary>
public System.UInt16 Usage;
/// <summary>
/// Specifies the top-level collection's usage page.
/// </summary>
public System.UInt16 UsagePage;
/// <summary>
/// 输入报告的最大节数数量（如果使用报告ID，则包含报告ID的字节）
/// Specifies the maximum size, in bytes, of all the input reports (including the report ID, if report IDs are used, which is prepended to the report data).
/// </summary>
public System.UInt16 InputReportByteLength;
/// <summary>
/// Specifies the maximum size, in bytes, of all the output reports (including the report ID, if report IDs are used, which is prepended to the report data).
/// </summary>
public System.UInt16 OutputReportByteLength;
/// <summary>
/// Specifies the maximum length, in bytes, of all the feature reports (including the report ID, if report IDs are used, which is prepended to the report data).
/// </summary>
public System.UInt16 FeatureReportByteLength;
/// <summary>
/// Reserved for internal system use.
/// </summary>
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 17)]
public System.UInt16[] Reserved;
/// <summary>
/// pecifies the number of HIDP_LINK_COLLECTION_NODE structures that are returned for this top-level collection by HidP_GetLinkCollectionNodes.
/// </summary>
public System.UInt16 NumberLinkCollectionNodes;
/// <summary>
/// Specifies the number of input HIDP_BUTTON_CAPS structures that HidP_GetButtonCaps returns.
/// </summary>
public System.UInt16 NumberInputButtonCaps;
/// <summary>
/// Specifies the number of input HIDP_VALUE_CAPS structures that HidP_GetValueCaps returns.
/// </summary>
public System.UInt16 NumberInputValueCaps;
/// <summary>
/// Specifies the number of data indices assigned to buttons and values in all input reports.
/// </summary>
public System.UInt16 NumberInputDataIndices;
/// <summary>
/// Specifies the number of output HIDP_BUTTON_CAPS structures that HidP_GetButtonCaps returns.
/// </summary>
public System.UInt16 NumberOutputButtonCaps;
/// <summary>
/// Specifies the number of output HIDP_VALUE_CAPS structures that HidP_GetValueCaps returns.
/// </summary>
public System.UInt16 NumberOutputValueCaps;
/// <summary>
/// Specifies the number of data indices assigned to buttons and values in all output reports.
/// </summary>
public System.UInt16 NumberOutputDataIndices;
/// <summary>
/// Specifies the total number of feature HIDP_BUTTONS_CAPS structures that HidP_GetButtonCaps returns.
/// </summary>
public System.UInt16 NumberFeatureButtonCaps;
/// <summary>
/// Specifies the total number of feature HIDP_VALUE_CAPS structures that HidP_GetValueCaps returns.
/// </summary>
public System.UInt16 NumberFeatureValueCaps;
/// <summary>
/// Specifies the number of data indices assigned to buttons and values in all feature reports.
/// </summary>
public System.UInt16 NumberFeatureDataIndices;
}
都是从各种地方复制过来的。最后的结构注释从微软那里复制了英文，翻译了一句中文。因为这个坑最大。
三、Dll封装
/// <summary>
/// 过滤设备，获取需要的设备
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ClassGuid"></param>
/// <param name="Enumerator"></param>
/// <param name="HwndParent"></param>
/// <param name="Flags"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("setupapi.dll", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern IntPtr SetupDiGetClassDevs(ref Guid ClassGuid, uint Enumerator, IntPtr HwndParent, DIGCF Flags);
/// <summary>
/// 获取设备，true获取到
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hDevInfo"></param>
/// <param name="devInfo"></param>
/// <param name="interfaceClassGuid"></param>
/// <param name="memberIndex"></param>
/// <param name="deviceInterfaceData"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("setupapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
private static extern Boolean SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(IntPtr hDevInfo, IntPtr devInfo, ref Guid interfaceClassGuid, UInt32 memberIndex, ref SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA deviceInterfaceData);
/// <summary>
/// 获取接口的详细信息 必须调用两次 第1次返回长度 第2次获取数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="deviceInfoSet"></param>
/// <param name="deviceInterfaceData"></param>
/// <param name="deviceInterfaceDetailData"></param>
/// <param name="deviceInterfaceDetailDataSize"></param>
/// <param name="requiredSize"></param>
/// <param name="deviceInfoData"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("setupapi.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
private static extern bool SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(IntPtr deviceInfoSet, ref SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA deviceInterfaceData, IntPtr deviceInterfaceDetailData, int deviceInterfaceDetailDataSize, ref int requiredSize, SP_DEVINFO_DATA deviceInfoData);
/// <summary>
/// 删除设备信息并释放内存
/// </summary>
/// <param name="HIDInfoSet"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("setupapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
private static extern Boolean SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(IntPtr HIDInfoSet);
/// <summary>
/// 获取设备文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="lpFileName"></param>
/// <param name="dwDesiredAccess">access mode</param>
/// <param name="dwShareMode">share mode</param>
/// <param name="lpSecurityAttributes">SD</param>
/// <param name="dwCreationDisposition">how to create</param>
/// <param name="dwFlagsAndAttributes">file attributes</param>
/// <param name="hTemplateFile">handle to template file</param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern IntPtr CreateFile(string lpFileName, uint dwDesiredAccess, uint dwShareMode, uint lpSecurityAttributes, uint dwCreationDisposition, uint dwFlagsAndAttributes, uint hTemplateFile);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
[return: System.Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute(System.Runtime.InteropServices.UnmanagedType.Bool)]
private static extern bool WriteFile(System.IntPtr hFile, byte[] lpBuffer, uint nNumberOfBytesToWrite, out uint lpNumberOfBytesWritten, IntPtr lpOverlapped);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern int CloseHandle(int hObject);
/// <summary>
/// 获得GUID
/// </summary>
/// <param name="HidGuid"></param>
[DllImport("hid.dll")]
private static extern void HidD_GetHidGuid(ref Guid HidGuid);
[DllImport("hid.dll")]
private static extern Boolean HidD_GetPreparsedData(IntPtr hidDeviceObject, out IntPtr PreparsedData);
[DllImport("hid.dll")]
private static extern uint HidP_GetCaps(IntPtr PreparsedData, out HIDP_CAPS Capabilities);
[DllImport("hid.dll")]
private static extern Boolean HidD_FreePreparsedData(IntPtr PreparsedData);
[DllImport("hid.dll")]
private static extern Boolean HidD_GetAttributes(IntPtr hidDevice, out HID_ATTRIBUTES attributes);
四、几个属性
private int _InputBufferSize;
private int _OutputBufferSize;
private FileStream _UsbFileStream = null;
五、几个方法
Usb设备的读写跟磁盘文件的读写没区别，需要打开文件、读文件、写文件，最后关闭文件。
磁盘文件大家都清楚，比如“c:\data\hello.txt”就是个文件名，前面加“\\计算机A”则是其他计算机上的某文件名，Usb设备也有文件名，如我的设备的文件名就是“\\?\hid#vid_5131&pid_2007#7&252e9bc9&0&0000#{4d1e55b2-f16f-11cf-88cb-001111000030}”。
哪弄来的？头大了吧，我也头大，什么鬼？百度了，未果，所以干脆不管了。先来一个列出全部Usb设备文件名的方法
（一）获取所有Usb设备文件名
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