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  • JAVA实现文件导出Excel

java实现Excel数据导出:

     目前,比较常用的实现Java导入、导出Excel的技术有两种Jakarta POI和Java Excel

Jakarta POI 是一套用于访问微软格式文档的Java API。Jakarta POI有很多组件组成,其中有用于操作Excel格式文件的HSSF和用于操作Word的HWPF,在各种组件中目前只有用于操作Excel的HSSF相对成熟。官方主页http://poi.apache.org/index.html,API文档http://poi.apache.org/apidocs/index.html

 

Jakarta POI HSSF API组件

HSSF(用于操作Excel的组件)提供给用户使用的对象在rg.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel包中,主要部分包括Excel对象,样式和格式,还有辅助操作。有以下几种对象:

 

 

2.3 基本操作步骤

首先,理解一下一个Excel的文件的组织形式,一个Excel文件对应于一个workbook(HSSFWorkbook),一个workbook可以有多个sheet(HSSFSheet)组成,一个sheet是由多个row(HSSFRow)组成,一个row是由多个cell(HSSFCell)组成。

基本操作步骤:

下面来看一个动态生成Excel文件的例子:

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//创建HSSFWorkbook对象
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
//创建HSSFSheet对象
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("sheet0");
//创建HSSFRow对象
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
//创建HSSFCell对象
HSSFCell cell=row.createCell(0);
//设置单元格的值
cell.setCellValue("单元格中的中文");
//输出Excel文件
FileOutputStream output=new FileOutputStream("d:\\workbook.xls");
wkb.write(output);
output.flush();

  

HSSF读取文件同样还是使用这几个对象,只是把相应的createXXX方法变成了getXXX方法即可。可见只要理解了其中原理,不管是读还是写亦或是特定格式都可以轻松实现,正所谓知其然更要知其所以然。

 

 2:导出Excel应用实例:

详细api请参考:https://blog.csdn.net/xunwei0303/article/details/53213130

3:导出表格的工具类:

excelUtil:  

复制代码
  1 package com.zhl.push.Utils;
  2 
  3 import com.google.common.base.Strings;
  4 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
  5 import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
  6 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.VerticalAlignment;
  7 import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
  8 
  9 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 10 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 11 import java.io.IOException;
 12 import java.io.OutputStream;
 13 import java.math.BigDecimal;
 14 import java.util.List;
 15 import java.util.Map;
 16 
 17 public class ExcelExportUtil {
 18     //表头
 19     private String title;
 20     //各个列的表头
 21     private String[] heardList;
 22     //各个列的元素key值
 23     private String[] heardKey;
 24     //需要填充的数据信息
 25     private List<Map> data;
 26     //字体大小
 27     private int fontSize = 14;
 28     //行高
 29     private int rowHeight = 30;
 30     //列宽
 31     private int columWidth = 200;
 32     //工作表
 33     private String sheetName = "sheet1";
 34 
 35     public String getTitle() {
 36         return title;
 37     }
 38 
 39     public void setTitle(String title) {
 40         this.title = title;
 41     }
 42 
 43     public String[] getHeardList() {
 44         return heardList;
 45     }
 46 
 47     public void setHeardList(String[] heardList) {
 48         this.heardList = heardList;
 49     }
 50 
 51     public String[] getHeardKey() {
 52         return heardKey;
 53     }
 54 
 55     public void setHeardKey(String[] heardKey) {
 56         this.heardKey = heardKey;
 57     }
 58 
 59     public List<Map> getData() {
 60         return data;
 61     }
 62 
 63     public void setData(List<Map> data) {
 64         this.data = data;
 65     }
 66 
 67     public int getFontSize() {
 68         return fontSize;
 69     }
 70 
 71     public void setFontSize(int fontSize) {
 72         this.fontSize = fontSize;
 73     }
 74 
 75     public int getRowHeight() {
 76         return rowHeight;
 77     }
 78 
 79     public void setRowHeight(int rowHeight) {
 80         this.rowHeight = rowHeight;
 81     }
 82 
 83     public int getColumWidth() {
 84         return columWidth;
 85     }
 86 
 87     public void setColumWidth(int columWidth) {
 88         this.columWidth = columWidth;
 89     }
 90 
 91     public String getSheetName() {
 92         return sheetName;
 93     }
 94 
 95     public void setSheetName(String sheetName) {
 96         this.sheetName = sheetName;
 97     }
 98 
 99     /**
100      * 开始导出数据信息
101      *
102      */
103     public byte[] exportExport(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
104         //检查参数配置信息
105         checkConfig();
106         //创建工作簿
107         HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
108         //创建工作表
109         HSSFSheet wbSheet = wb.createSheet(this.sheetName);
110         //设置默认行宽
111         wbSheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(20);
112 
113         // 标题样式(加粗,垂直居中)
114         HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
115         cellStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);//水平居中
116         cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//垂直居中
117         HSSFFont fontStyle = wb.createFont();
118         fontStyle.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
119         fontStyle.setBold(true);   //加粗
120         fontStyle.setFontHeightInPoints((short)16);  //设置标题字体大小
121         cellStyle.setFont(fontStyle);
122 
123         //在第0行创建rows  (表标题)
124         HSSFRow title = wbSheet.createRow((int) 0);
125         title.setHeightInPoints(30);//行高
126         HSSFCell cellValue = title.createCell(0);
127         cellValue.setCellValue(this.title);
128         cellValue.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
129         wbSheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0,0,0,(this.heardList.length-1)));
130         //设置表头样式,表头居中
131         HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
132         //设置单元格样式
133         style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
134         style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
135         //设置字体
136         HSSFFont font = wb.createFont();
137         font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) this.fontSize);
138         style.setFont(font);
139         //在第1行创建rows
140         HSSFRow row = wbSheet.createRow((int) 1);
141         //设置列头元素
142         HSSFCell cellHead = null;
143         for (int i = 0; i < heardList.length; i++) {
144             cellHead = row.createCell(i);
145             cellHead.setCellValue(heardList[i]);
146             cellHead.setCellStyle(style);
147         }
148 
149         //设置每格数据的样式 (字体红色)
150         HSSFCellStyle cellParamStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
151         HSSFFont ParamFontStyle = wb.createFont();
152         cellParamStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
153         cellParamStyle.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
154         ParamFontStyle.setColor(HSSFColor.DARK_RED.index);   //设置字体颜色 (红色)
155         ParamFontStyle.setFontHeightInPoints((short) this.fontSize);
156         cellParamStyle.setFont(ParamFontStyle);
157         //设置每格数据的样式2(字体蓝色)
158         HSSFCellStyle cellParamStyle2 = wb.createCellStyle();
159         cellParamStyle2.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
160         cellParamStyle2.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
161         HSSFFont ParamFontStyle2 = wb.createFont();
162         ParamFontStyle2.setColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);   //设置字体颜色 (蓝色)
163         ParamFontStyle2.setFontHeightInPoints((short) this.fontSize);
164         cellParamStyle2.setFont(ParamFontStyle2);
165         //开始写入实体数据信息
166         int a = 2;
167         for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) {
168             HSSFRow roww = wbSheet.createRow((int) a);
169             Map map = data.get(i);
170             HSSFCell cell = null;
171             for (int j = 0; j < heardKey.length; j++) {
172                 cell = roww.createCell(j);
173                 cell.setCellStyle(style);
174                 Object valueObject = map.get(heardKey[j]);
175                 String value = null;
176                 if (valueObject == null) {
177                     valueObject = "";
178                 }
179                 if (valueObject instanceof String) {
180                     //取出的数据是字符串直接赋值
181                     value = (String) map.get(heardKey[j]);
182                 } else if (valueObject instanceof Integer) {
183                     //取出的数据是Integer
184                     value = String.valueOf(((Integer) (valueObject)).floatValue());
185                 } else if (valueObject instanceof BigDecimal) {
186                     //取出的数据是BigDecimal
187                     value = String.valueOf(((BigDecimal) (valueObject)).floatValue());
188                 } else {
189                     value = valueObject.toString();
190                 }
191                 //设置单个单元格的字体颜色
192                 if(heardKey[j].equals("ddNum") || heardKey[j].equals("sjNum")){
193                 if((Long)map.get("ddNum")!=null){
194                     if((Long)map.get("sjNum")==null){
195                         cell.setCellStyle(cellParamStyle);
196                     } else if((Long) map.get("ddNum") != (Long) map.get("sjNum")){
197                         if ((Long) map.get("ddNum") > (Long) map.get("sjNum")) {
198                             cell.setCellStyle(cellParamStyle);
199                         }
200                         if ((Long) map.get("ddNum") < (Long) map.get("sjNum")) {
201                             cell.setCellStyle(cellParamStyle2);
202                         }
203                     }else {
204                         cell.setCellStyle(style);
205                     }
206                 }
207                 }
208                 cell.setCellValue(Strings.isNullOrEmpty(value) ? "" : value);
209             }
210             a++;
211         }
212 
213         //导出数据
214         try {
215             //设置Http响应头告诉浏览器下载这个附件
216             response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;Filename=" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".xls");
217             OutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
218             wb.write(outputStream);
219             outputStream.close();
220             return wb.getBytes();
221         } catch (Exception ex) {
222             ex.printStackTrace();
223             throw new IOException("导出Excel出现严重异常,异常信息:" + ex.getMessage());
224         }
225 
226     }
227 
228     /**
229      * 检查数据配置问题
230      *
231      * @throws IOException 抛出数据异常类
232      */
233     protected void checkConfig() throws IOException {
234         if (heardKey == null || heardList.length == 0) {
235             throw new IOException("列名数组不能为空或者为NULL");
236         }
237 
238         if (fontSize < 0 || rowHeight < 0 || columWidth < 0) {
239             throw new IOException("字体、宽度或者高度不能为负值");
240         }
241 
242         if (Strings.isNullOrEmpty(sheetName)) {
243             throw new IOException("工作表表名不能为NULL");
244         }
245     }
246 }
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service :

复制代码
@Override
    public void queryProjectInfoBySchemeId(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request,
                                                   String schemeId, String pushDate) throws IOException {
        List<Map> maps = pushMonitorDao.queryProjectInfoBySchemeId(schemeId, pushDate);
        if(maps!=null && maps.size()>0){
             String companyName = pushMonitorDao.queryCompanyNameBySchemeId(schemeId);
             String sheetTitle = companyName;
             String [] title = new String[]{"城市","项目名字","合同","实际"};        //设置表格表头字段
            String [] properties = new String[]{"city","projectName","ddNum","sjNum"};  // 查询对应的字段
            ExcelExportUtil excelExport2 = new ExcelExportUtil();
            excelExport2.setData(maps);
            excelExport2.setHeardKey(properties);
            excelExport2.setFontSize(14);
            excelExport2.setSheetName(sheetTitle);
            excelExport2.setTitle(sheetTitle);
            excelExport2.setHeardList(title);
            excelExport2.exportExport(request, response);
         }
    }
复制代码

通用Excel文件导出工具类

 

1:Excel格式

复制代码
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.VerticalAlignment;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;

/**
 * @作者 yan
 * @创建日期
 * @版本 V1.0
 * @描述 Excel 导出通用工具类
 */
public class ExcelUtil {

    public static byte[] export(String sheetTitle, String[] title, List<Object> list) {

        HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();//创建excel表
        HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet(sheetTitle);
        sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(20);//设置默认行宽

        //表头样式(加粗,水平居中,垂直居中)
        HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
        cellStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);//水平居中
        cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//垂直居中
        //设置边框样式
        cellStyle.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); //下边框
        cellStyle.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//左边框
        cellStyle.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框
        cellStyle.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框

        HSSFFont fontStyle = wb.createFont();
        fontStyle.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);

        cellStyle.setFont(fontStyle);

        //标题样式(加粗,垂直居中)
        HSSFCellStyle cellStyle2 = wb.createCellStyle();
        cellStyle2.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//垂直居中
        cellStyle2.setFont(fontStyle);

        //设置边框样式
        cellStyle2.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); //下边框
        cellStyle2.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//左边框
        cellStyle2.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框
        cellStyle2.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框

        //字段样式(垂直居中)
        HSSFCellStyle cellStyle3 = wb.createCellStyle();
        cellStyle3.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//垂直居中

        //设置边框样式
        cellStyle3.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); //下边框
        cellStyle3.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//左边框
        cellStyle3.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框
        cellStyle3.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框

        //创建表头
        HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
        row.setHeightInPoints(20);//行高
        
        HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(0);
        cell.setCellValue(sheetTitle);
        cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);

        sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0,0,0,(title.length-1)));
        
        //创建标题
        HSSFRow rowTitle = sheet.createRow(1);
        rowTitle.setHeightInPoints(20);

        HSSFCell hc;
        for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) {
            hc = rowTitle.createCell(i);
            hc.setCellValue(title[i]);
            hc.setCellStyle(cellStyle2);
        }

        byte result[] = null;

        ByteArrayOutputStream out = null;
        
        try {
            //创建表格数据
            Field[] fields;
            int i = 2;

            for (Object obj : list) {
                fields = obj.getClass().getDeclaredFields();

                HSSFRow rowBody = sheet.createRow(i);
                rowBody.setHeightInPoints(20);

                int j = 0;
                for (Field f : fields) {

                    f.setAccessible(true);

                    Object va = f.get(obj);
                    if (null == va) {
                        va = "";
                    }

                    hc = rowBody.createCell(j);
                    hc.setCellValue(va.toString());
                    hc.setCellStyle(cellStyle3);
                    
                    j++;
                }

                i++;
            }

            out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            wb.write(out);
            result =  out.toByteArray();
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(ExcelUtil.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } finally{
            try {
                if(null != out){
                    out.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                Logger.getLogger(ExcelUtil.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
            } finally{
                try {
                    wb.close();
                } catch (IOException ex) {
                    Logger.getLogger(ExcelUtil.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
                }
            }
        }

        return result;
    }
}
复制代码

4:依赖包

commons-io-2.4.jar

poi-3.15.jar

出处:https://www.cnblogs.com/minixiong/p/11149281.html
 



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