支付宝支付

支付宝支付流程

在python中封装alipay

安装

>: pip install python-alipay-sdk --upgrade
# 如果抛ssl相关错误，代表缺失该包
>: pip install pyopenssl

结构

libs
    ├── AliPay  							# aliapy二次封装包
    │   ├── __init__.py 				# 包文件
    │   ├── pem							# 公钥私钥文件夹
    │   │   ├── alipay_public_key.pem	# 支付宝公钥文件
    │   │   ├── app_private_key.pem		# 应用私钥文件
    │   ├── pay.py						# 支付文件
    └── └── settings.py  				# 应用配置

alipay_public_key.pem

https://openhome.alipay.com/develop/sandbox/account
前往支付宝开放平台，注册沙箱环境获取支付宝公钥和应用私钥，进行测试。

-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
拿应用公钥跟支付宝换来的支付宝公钥
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----

app_private_key.pem

-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
通过支付宝公钥私钥签发软件签发的应用私钥
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

setting.py

import os
# 应用私钥
APP_PRIVATE_KEY_STRING = open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), 'pem', 'app_private_key.pem')).read()

# 支付宝公钥
ALIPAY_PUBLIC_KEY_STRING = open(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), 'pem', 'alipay_public_key.pem')).read()

# 应用ID
APP_ID = '2016093000631831'

# 加密方式
SIGN = 'RSA2'

# 是否是支付宝测试环境(沙箱环境)，如果采用真是支付宝环境，配置False
DEBUG = True

# 支付网关
GATEWAY = 'https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do?' if DEBUG else 'https://openapi.alipay.com/gateway.do?'

pay.py

from alipay import AliPay
from . import settings

# 支付对象
alipay = AliPay(
    appid=settings.APP_ID,
    app_notify_url=None,
    app_private_key_string=settings.APP_PRIVATE_KEY_STRING,
    alipay_public_key_string=settings.ALIPAY_PUBLIC_KEY_STRING,
    sign_type=settings.SIGN,
    debug=settings.DEBUG
)

# 支付网关
gateway = settings.GATEWAY

init.py

# 包对外提供的变量
from .pay import gateway, alipay

支付相关模型表的设计

"""
class Order(models.Model):
    # 主键、总金额、订单名、订单号、订单状态、创建时间、支付时间、流水号、支付方式、支付人(外键) - 优惠劵(外键，可为空)
    pass

class OrderDetail(models.Model):
    # 订单号(外键)、商品(外键)、实价、成交价 - 商品数量
    pass
"""

from django.db import models
from user.models import User
from course.models import Course


class Order(models.Model):
    """订单模型"""
    status_choices = (
        (0, '未支付'),
        (1, '已支付'),
        (2, '已取消'),
        (3, '超时取消'),
    )
    pay_choices = (
        (1, '支付宝'),
        (2, '微信支付'),
    )
    subject = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name="订单标题")
    total_amount = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="订单总价", default=0)
    out_trade_no = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name="订单号", unique=True)
    trade_no = models.CharField(max_length=64, null=True, verbose_name="流水号")
    order_status = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=status_choices, default=0, verbose_name="订单状态")
    pay_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=pay_choices, default=1, verbose_name="支付方式")
    pay_time = models.DateTimeField(null=True, verbose_name="支付时间")
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='order_user', on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, db_constraint=False, verbose_name="下单用户")
    created_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='创建时间')

    class Meta:
        db_table = "luffy_order"
        verbose_name = "订单记录"
        verbose_name_plural = "订单记录"

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s - ￥%s" % (self.subject, self.total_amount)

    @property
    def courses(self):
        data_list = []
        for item in self.order_courses.all():
            data_list.append({
                "id": item.id,
                "course_name": item.course.name,
                "real_price": item.real_price,
            })
        return data_list


class OrderDetail(models.Model):
    """订单详情"""
    order = models.ForeignKey(Order, related_name='order_courses', on_delete=models.CASCADE, db_constraint=False, verbose_name="订单")
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, related_name='course_orders', on_delete=models.CASCADE, db_constraint=False, verbose_name="课程")
    price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="课程原价")
    real_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="课程实价")

    class Meta:
        db_table = "luffy_order_detail"
        verbose_name = "订单详情"
        verbose_name_plural = "订单详情"

    def __str__(self):
        try:
            return "%s的订单：%s" % (self.course.name, self.order.out_trade_no)
        except:
            return super().__str__()

订单模块接口的设计分析

1.点击购买，产生支付接口（生成支付订单（往order和订单详情表插入数据），生成支付链接，返回支付链接）
2.支付宝异步回调的post接口（验证签名、修改订单状态）
3.当支付宝get回调给前端页面（告诉前端支付成功了）,此时vue组件一创建，我们在写一个get请求询问后端是否支付成功。

支付接口

serializes.py

from rest_framework import serializers
from . import models
from rest_framework.exceptions import ValidationError
from course.models import Course
from django.conf import settings

class OrderSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # 要支持单购物和群购物(购物车)，前台要提交 课程主键(们)
    # PrimaryKeyRelatedField方法的作用就是把课程id的列表对象，转换为课程对象的列表对象
    course = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(queryset=Course.objects.all(), write_only=True, many=True)
    class Meta:
        model = models.Order
        fields = ['subject','total_amount','pay_type','course'] # 这些字段是需要前端传给我们进行反序列化的

    def _check_price(self,attrs):
        total_amount = attrs.get('total_amount')
        course_list = attrs.get('course')
        total_price = 0
        for course in course_list:
            total_price += course.price
        if total_amount != total_price:
            raise ValidationError('价格不正确')
        return total_amount

    def _gen_order(self):
        import uuid
        return str(uuid.uuid4()).replace('-','')

    def _get_user(self):
        request = self.context.get('request')
        return request.user

    def _get_pay_url(self,out_trade_no,total_amount,subject):
        from luffyapi.libs.al_pay import alipay,gateway
        order_string = alipay.api_alipay_trade_page_pay    (
            out_trade_no=out_trade_no,
            total_amount=total_amount,
            subject=subject,
            return_url=settings.RETURN_URL,
            notify_url=settings.NOTIFY_URL
        )
        return gateway+order_string

    def _before_create(self,attrs,user,pay_url,out_trade_no):
        attrs['user'] = user
        attrs['out_trade_no'] = out_trade_no
        self.context['pay_url']=pay_url


    def validate(self, attrs):
        """
        #1）订单总价校验
        # 2）生成订单号
        # 3）支付用户：request.user
        # 4）支付链接生成
        # 5）入库(两个表)的信息准备
        :param attrs:
        :return:
        """
        # 1）订单总价校验
        total_amount = self._check_price(attrs)
        # 2）生成订单号
        out_trade_no = self._gen_order()
        # 3）支付用户：request.user
        user = self._get_user()
        # 4）支付链接生成
        pay_url = self._get_pay_url(out_trade_no,total_amount,attrs.get('subject'))
        # 5）入库(两个表)的信息准备
        self._before_create(attrs,user,pay_url,out_trade_no)
        return attrs

    # 重写create方法
    def create(self, validated_data):
        course_list = validated_data.pop('course')
        order = models.Order.objects.create(**validated_data)
        for course in course_list:
            models.OrderDetail.objects.create(order=order,course=course,price=course.price,real_price=course.price)
        return order

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from rest_framework.viewsets import ViewSet,GenericViewSet
from rest_framework.mixins import CreateModelMixin
from rest_framework.decorators import action
from luffyapi.utils.response import APIResponse
from . import models
from . import serializers
from rest_framework_jwt.authentication import JSONWebTokenAuthentication
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
from rest_framework.response import Response

class PayView(GenericViewSet,CreateModelMixin):
    queryset = models.Order.objects.all()
    serializer_class = serializers.OrderSerializer
    # 下面这两句话是为了给立即购买接口增加认证和权限：只有登录用户才能点击购买
    authentication_classes = [JSONWebTokenAuthentication,]
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated,]

    # 重写CreateModelMixin里的create方法，返回自定义的response和添加context
    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data,context={'request':request})
        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        self.perform_create(serializer)
        return Response(serializer.context.get('pay_url'))

前端在立即购买按钮下定义一个方法

    // 点击立即购买时，定义一个方法并把课程信息传入
    buy_now(course) {
      // 先获取一个token，获取不到则提示需要先登录
      let token = this.$cookies.get('token')
      if (!token) {
        this.$message({
          message: "请先登录！",
        })
        return false
      }
      // 有token，则想后端发送post请求，拿到支付链接
      this.$axios(
          {
            method: 'post',
            url: this.$settings.base_url + '/order/pay/',
            data: {
              "subject": course.name,
              "total_amount":course.price,
              "pay_type": 1,
              "course": [
                course.id,
              ]
            },
            headers: {Authorization: 'jwt ' + token},
          }
      )
          .then(response => {
            // 成功拿到支付链接之后，采用open方法，指定页面跳转支付页面
            let pay_url = response.data
            // _self指定当前页面直接跳,而不是在新窗口跳转
            open(pay_url,'_self')
          }).catch(error => {

      })
    },

支付成功前端页面

<template>
    <div class="pay-success">
        <!--如果是单独的页面，就没必要展示导航栏(带有登录的用户)-->
        <Header/>
        <div class="main">
            <div class="title">
                <div class="success-tips">
                    <p class="tips">您已成功购买 1 门课程！</p>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="order-info">
                <p class="info"><b>订单号：</b><span>{{ result.out_trade_no }}</span></p>
                <p class="info"><b>交易号：</b><span>{{ result.trade_no }}</span></p>
                <p class="info"><b>付款时间：</b><span><span>{{ result.timestamp }}</span></span></p>
            </div>
            <div class="study">
                <span>立即学习</span>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</template>

<script>
    import Header from "@/components/Header"

    export default {
        name: "Success",
        data() {
            return {
                result: {},
            };
        },
        created() {
            // url后拼接的参数：?及后面的所有参数 => ?a=1&b=2
            // console.log(location.search);

            // 解析支付宝回调的url参数
            let params = location.search.substring(1);  // 去除? => a=1&b=2
            let items = params.length ? params.split('&') : [];  // ['a=1', 'b=2']
            //逐个将每一项添加到args对象中
            for (let i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {  // 第一次循环a=1，第二次b=2
                let k_v = items[i].split('=');  // ['a', '1']
                //解码操作，因为查询字符串经过编码的
                if (k_v.length >= 2) {
                    // url编码反解
                    let k = decodeURIComponent(k_v[0]);
                    this.result[k] = decodeURIComponent(k_v[1]);
                    // 没有url编码反解
                    // this.result[k_v[0]] = k_v[1];
                }

            }
            // 解析后的结果
            // console.log(this.result);


            // 把地址栏上面的支付结果，再get请求转发给后端
            this.$axios({
                url: this.$settings.base_url + '/order/success/' + location.search,
                method: 'get',
            }).then(response => {
                console.log(response.data);
            }).catch(() => {
                console.log('支付结果同步失败');
            })
        },
        components: {
            Header,
        }
    }
</script>

<style scoped>
    .main {
        padding: 60px 0;
        margin: 0 auto;
        width: 1200px;
        background: #fff;
    }

    .main .title {
        display: flex;
        -ms-flex-align: center;
        align-items: center;
        padding: 25px 40px;
        border-bottom: 1px solid #f2f2f2;
    }

    .main .title .success-tips {
        box-sizing: border-box;
    }

    .title img {
        vertical-align: middle;
        width: 60px;
        height: 60px;
        margin-right: 40px;
    }

    .title .success-tips {
        box-sizing: border-box;
    }

    .title .tips {
        font-size: 26px;
        color: #000;
    }


    .info span {
        color: #ec6730;
    }

    .order-info {
        padding: 25px 48px;
        padding-bottom: 15px;
        border-bottom: 1px solid #f2f2f2;
    }

    .order-info p {
        display: -ms-flexbox;
        display: flex;
        margin-bottom: 10px;
        font-size: 16px;
    }

    .order-info p b {
        font-weight: 400;
        color: #9d9d9d;
        white-space: nowrap;
    }

    .study {
        padding: 25px 40px;
    }

    .study span {
        display: block;
        width: 140px;
        height: 42px;
        text-align: center;
        line-height: 42px;
        cursor: pointer;
        background: #ffc210;
        border-radius: 6px;
        font-size: 16px;
        color: #fff;
    }
</style>

    {
        path: '/pay/success/',
        name: 'PaySuccess',
        component: PaySuccess
    },

支付宝同步异步回调

支付成功之后，支付宝会给前端发送一个post回调，我们也需要在用户支付成功之后，在前端添加一个同步的get回调，以此来反馈给前端，用户是否支付成功！！

    path('success/',views.SuccessView.as_view()),

class SuccessView(APIView):
    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        out_trade_no=request.query_params.get('out_trade_no')
        order=models.Order.objects.filter(out_trade_no=out_trade_no).first()
        if order.order_status==1:
            return Response(True)
        else:
            return Response(False)

    def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        '''
        支付宝回调接口
        '''
        from luffyapi.libs.al_pay import alipay
        from luffyapi.utils.logger import log
        data = request.data
        out_trade_no=data.get('out_trade_no',None)
        gmt_payment=data.get('gmt_payment',None)
        signature = data.pop("sign")
        # 验证签名
        success = alipay.verify(data, signature)
        if success and data["trade_status"] in ("TRADE_SUCCESS", "TRADE_FINISHED"):
            models.Order.objects.filter(out_trade_no=out_trade_no).update(order_status=1,pay_time=gmt_payment)
            log.info('%s订单支付成功'%out_trade_no)
            return Response('success')  # 这里必须按支付宝规范返回一个success
        else:
            log.error('%s订单有问题' % out_trade_no)
            return Response('error')