5 整合SSM框架

环境

• IDEA 2020.2
• MySQL 5.7.29
• Tomcat 9
• Maven 3.6

数据库环境

创建一个数据库及表格

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;

USE `ssmbuild`;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;

CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT  INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES 
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');

项目环境搭建

1、新建一个Maven项目！ssmbuild，添加web支持！

2、导入相关pom依赖以及Maven静态资源过滤问题解决！

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.zzb</groupId>
    <artifactId>ssmbuild</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <!--导入依赖，需要Junit，数据库驱动，数据库连接池，servlet，jsp，el表达式，mybatis，mybatis-spring，spring，偷懒用的lombok-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.48</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--数据库连接池-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <!--静态资源过滤问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>
</project>

3、确定项目基本框架！

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

</configuration>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

</beans>

database.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&verifyServerCertificate=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=1234

MyBatis 层编写

1、创建实体类Book

package com.zzb.pojo;

public class Book {

    private int bookId;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCount;
    private String detail;

    public Book() {
    }

    public Book(int bookId, String bookName, int bookCount, String detail) {
        this.bookId = bookId;
        this.bookName = bookName;
        this.bookCount = bookCount;
        this.detail = detail;
    }

    public int getBookId() {
        return bookId;
    }

    public void setBookId(int bookId) {
        this.bookId = bookId;
    }

    public String getBookName() {
        return bookName;
    }

    public void setBookName(String bookName) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
    }

    public int getBookCount() {
        return bookCount;
    }

    public void setBookCount(int bookCount) {
        this.bookCount = bookCount;
    }

    public String getDetail() {
        return detail;
    }

    public void setDetail(String detail) {
        this.detail = detail;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "bookId=" + bookId +
                ", bookName='" + bookName + '\'' +
                ", bookCount=" + bookCount +
                ", detail='" + detail + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

2、编写Mapper层Mapper接口

package com.zzb.mapper;

import com.zzb.pojo.Book;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookMapper {

    // 增加一本书
    int addBook(Book book);
    // 删除一本书
    int deleteBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);
    // 更新一本书
    int updateBook(Book book);
    // 查询一本书
    Book queryBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);
    // 查询所有书
    List<Book> queryAllBook();
}

3、编写对应的Mapper.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zzb.mapper.BookMapper">
    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Book">
        INSERT INTO books(bookName, bookCount, detail) VALUES (#{bookName}, #{bookCount}, #{detail})
    </insert>

    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
        DELETE FROM books WHERE bookId = #{bookId}
    </delete>

    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Book">
        UPDATE books SET bookName = #{bookName}, bookCount = #{bookCount}, detail = #{detail} WHERE bookId = #{bookId}
    </update>

    <select id="queryBookById" parameterType="int">
        SELECT * FROM book WHERE bookId = #{bookId}
    </select>

    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Book">
        SELECT * FROM book
    </select>
</mapper>

4、编写Service层的接口和实现类

package com.zzb.service;

import com.zzb.pojo.Book;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookService {
    // 增加一本书
    int addBook(Book book);
    // 删除一本书
    int deleteBookById(int id);
    // 更新一本书
    int updateBook(Book book);
    // 查询一本书
    Book queryBookById(int id);
    // 查询所有书
    List<Book> queryAllBook();
}

package com.zzb.service;

import com.zzb.mapper.BookMapper;
import com.zzb.pojo.Book;

import java.util.List;

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{

    // 组合Mapper层
    private BookMapper bookMapper;

    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    public int addBook(Book book) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(book);
    }

    public int deleteBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
    }

    public int updateBook(Book book) {
        return bookMapper.updateBook(book);
    }

    public Book queryBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
    }

    public List<Book> queryAllBook() {
        return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
    }
}

5、配置MyBatis核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <!--给实体类起别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.zzb.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>
    <!--注册Mapper-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper class="com.zzb.mapper.BookMapper"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

Spring 层编写

1、Spring 整合 MyBatis层，spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--1、关联数据库配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>

    <!--2、数据库连接池-->
    <!--数据库连接池
        dbcp 半自动化操作 不能自动连接
        c3p0 自动化操作（自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面）
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

        <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>

    <!--3、SqlSessionFactory-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--注入数据库连接池-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--配置MyBatis核心配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!--4、配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中-->
    <!--解释 ：https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--注入SqlSessionFactory-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!--配置需要扫描的包-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.zzb.mapper"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

2、Spring 整合 Service 层，spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--1、扫描service层下面相关的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zzb.service"/>

    <!--2、将业务层实现类注入到Spring中-->
    <bean id="bookServiceImpl" class="com.zzb.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    </bean>

    <!--3、配置事务管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!--注入数据库连接池-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!--4、AOP织入事务管理-->
</beans>

Spring MVC 层

1、spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--自动扫描包，让指定包下的注解生效，由IOC容器统一管理-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zzb.controller"/>
    <!--让Spring MVC不处理静态资源，例如.mp3 .css .jpg等不走视图解析器-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!--
       支持mvc注解驱动
       在spring中一般采用@RequestMapping注解来完成映射关系
       要想使@RequestMapping注解生效
       必须向上下文中注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping
       和一个AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter实例
       这两个实例分别在类级别和方法级别处理。
       而annotation-driven配置帮助我们自动完成上述两个实例的注入
    -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!--视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <!--后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

2、Spring 配置文件整合，applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>

</beans>

3、web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    
    <!--注册dispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--配置编码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--Session过期时间-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
</web-app>

Controller 和视图层编写

1、查询全部书籍， BookController 类编写

package com.zzb.controller;

import com.zzb.pojo.Book;
import com.zzb.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import java.util.List;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {

    // controller层调用业务层

    // 自动装备指定参数
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("bookServiceImpl")
    private BookService bookService;

    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String allBook(Model model){
        List<Book> bookList = bookService.queryAllBook();

        model.addAttribute("bookList", bookList);

        return "allBook";
    }
}

2、编写首页 index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
    <style type="text/css">
      a {
        text-decoration: none;
        color: black;
        font-size: 18px;
      }
      h3 {
        width: 180px;
        height: 38px;
        margin: 100px auto;
        text-align: center;
        line-height: 38px;
        background: deepskyblue;
        border-radius: 4px;
      }
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
  <h3>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">进入书籍展示页面</a>
  </h3>
  </body>
</html>

3、数据列表页面 allBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>书籍列表</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>

<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-4 column">
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                <thead>
                <tr>
                    <th>书籍编号</th>
                    <th>书籍名字</th>
                    <th>书籍数量</th>
                    <th>书籍详情</th>
                    <th>操作</th>
                </tr>
                </thead>

                <tbody>
                <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('bookList')}">

                    <tr>
                        <td>${book.getBookId()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getBookCount()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookId()}">更改</a>
                            |
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookId()}">删除</a>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </c:forEach>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

4、添加书籍，BookController类编写

    // 添加书籍功能
    // 首先跳转到添加书籍页面
    @RequestMapping("toAddBook")
    public String toAddBook(){
        return "addBook";
    }

    // 执行数据添加
    @RequestMapping("addBook")
    public String addBook(Book book){

        int i = bookService.addBook(book);
        if(i == 1){
            System.out.println("书籍添加成果！");
        }else{
            System.out.println("书籍添加失败！");
        }
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

5、添加书籍jsp页面

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>新增书籍</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>

<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>新增书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCount"><br><br><br>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br>
        <input type="submit" value="添加">
    </form>

</div>
</body>
</html>

6、修改书籍，BookController类编写

    // 修改书籍信息
    // 跳转到书籍信息修改页面
    @RequestMapping("toUpdateBook")
    public String toUpdateBook(@RequestParam("id") int bookId, Model model){
        // 首先查询到书籍的原信息，在页面中进行展示
        Book book = bookService.queryBookById(bookId);
        System.out.println(book.toString());
        model.addAttribute("book", book);
        return "updateBook";
    }

    // 执行修改数据操作
    @RequestMapping("updateBook")
    public String updateBook(Book book){
        int i = bookService.updateBook(book);
        if(i == 1){
            System.out.println("修改书籍成功！");
        }else{
            System.out.println("修改书籍失败！");
        }

        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

7、修改书籍jsp页面

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>新增书籍</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>

<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>修改书籍书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
        <%--隐藏域传递书籍id--%>
        <input type="hidden" name="bookId" value="${book.getBookId()}">
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"><br><br><br>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCount" value="${book.getBookCount()}"><br><br><br>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail()}"><br><br><br>
        <input type="submit" value="修改">
    </form>

</div>
</body>
</html>

8、删除数据，BookController类编写

    // 删除一本书籍
    @RequestMapping("/deleteBook/{id}")
    public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("id") int bookId){
        int i = bookService.deleteBookById(bookId);
        if(i == 1){
            System.out.println("删除书籍成功！");
        }else{
            System.out.println("删除书籍失败！");
        }
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

9、配置Tomcat，运行，测试

问题说明：

1、手动为项目添加lib文件夹，在其中添加项目所需要的包，否则项目会报错！

2、由于xml文件中使用了中文注释，需要在pom配置文件中，添加如下配置，使项目整体编码为utf-8，否则报错！

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

项目结构图：

来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/zzbstudy/p/14152123.html